Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use Policy
General Principles
This policy establishes the rules governing the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-based technologies in the preparation, submission, peer review, and editing of manuscripts for the journal Globalization and Business.
Generative AI systems may not be credited as authors or co-authors of a manuscript and must not be cited as authors.
AI may be used only as an assistive tool and must not replace the critical thinking, independent analysis, professional judgment, or intellectual contribution of authors, reviewers, or editors.
Use of AI by Authors
AI may be used as an assistive tool in manuscript preparation, including for language enhancement, text organization, summarization, translation, literature searches, and other technical or supportive tasks.
Any material generated or processed by AI must be verified by the author.
AI must not be used to fabricate, falsify, or materially distort data, research findings, evidence, sources, citations, or other material. AI must also not be used to generate a manuscript, or a substantial part thereof, in a manner that replaces the author’s independent analysis and intellectual contribution.
When using AI, authors must ensure the protection of personal data, confidential information, and third-party rights.
Disclosure of AI Use to the Editorial Office
The use of AI for basic technical proofreading of spelling, grammar, and punctuation does not require disclosure, provided that it does not result in substantial changes to the content or structure of the text.
If AI is used to generate or substantially revise text, summarize, translate, structure content, search for or review literature, or select sources, the author must submit an AI Disclosure Statement. The use of AI for any other purpose must also be disclosed if it has had a substantial impact on the content or organization of the manuscript.
The statement must identify the AI tool used, the purpose of its use, and the final verification carried out by the author.
The author must submit the AI Disclosure Statement to the editorial office together with the manuscript as a separate document. The statement is used for editorial assessment and will not be published alongside the article.
Use of AI in Visual Materials
Explanatory or schematic visual materials created using AI are permitted, provided that they accurately represent the author’s intended meaning and do not infringe third-party rights. The use of AI to create such materials must be disclosed in the statement submitted to the editorial office.
Editors and Reviewers
Manuscripts and related editorial materials are confidential. Editors, reviewers, and other individuals involved in the editorial process must not upload a manuscript or any part thereof to third-party generative AI systems.
AI cannot replace a reviewer’s independent assessment or an editor’s editorial decision. AI may be used only for technical support functions that do not require the manuscript or other confidential information to be submitted to an AI system.
Responsibility and Publication Ethics
The author retains full responsibility for the accuracy and originality of the manuscript, the reliability of its sources, compliance with intellectual property rights, and the conclusions presented in the work. Sources, citations, judicial decisions, legislative acts, and other authoritative materials suggested by AI must be verified against the relevant primary sources.
Failure to disclose substantive use of AI, as well as fabrication, falsification, or other unethical use of AI, may be considered a violation of publication ethics. Depending on the nature and severity of the violation, such conduct may constitute grounds for rejection of the manuscript, correction of a published article, retraction, or other appropriate editorial action.
Before an editorial decision is made, the author will be informed of the suspected violation and given an opportunity to provide an explanation. If the issue concerns only the omission or incompleteness of an AI Disclosure Statement and is not associated with other concerns regarding the reliability of the work or academic integrity, the editorial office may request that the author provide or clarify the statement. Such a deficiency alone does not constitute grounds for retracting a published article.
