Correction and Retraction Policy
Globalization and Business is committed to maintaining the integrity and transparency of the scholarly record. To ensure the accuracy of published content, the journal has established clear procedures for correcting technical errors and, when necessary, retracting published articles.
Post-Publication Corrections
Corrections are issued to address minor errors that do not affect the overall findings or conclusions of an article. Such errors may include:
- Typographical mistakes in numerical data (e.g., percentages, figures)
- Inaccuracies in author names or institutional affiliations
- Formatting issues in references or hyperlinks
When a correction is warranted, a formal correction notice will be published and linked to the original article. An updated PDF version of the article will be made available on the journal’s website, accompanied by a note indicating the nature and source of the correction (author or editorial office).
Retractions
An article may be retracted when substantial concerns arise that compromise its reliability. Grounds for retraction include:
- Unsubstantiated findings resulting from academic misconduct (e.g., data fabrication) or honest error (e.g., miscalculation)
- Plagiarism
- Redundant or duplicate publication without appropriate disclosure
- Unethical research practices
Retraction decisions are made by the editorial board following a thorough review. Authors will be notified promptly and provided with a written explanation. Retracted articles will remain accessible online but will be clearly marked as retracted, accompanied by a retraction notice explaining the reason for retraction.
Expressions of Concern
In cases where evidence of misconduct is inconclusive or the reliability of the findings is uncertain, the journal may issue an Expression of Concern. This notice will be linked to the original article and will outline the specific concerns raised. If additional information becomes available, the notice may be updated or replaced with a correction or retraction, as appropriate.
Implementation and Accessibility
All correction, retraction, and concern notices will:
- Be linked to the original article in all electronic formats
- Be clearly identified as a correction, retraction, or expression of concern
- Be published promptly to minimize the risk of misinformation
- Remain publicly available and freely accessible to all readers
The journal ensures that all such notices are disseminated to relevant indexing services and repositories to maintain the accuracy of the academic record.
This policy complies with the ethical standards established by the journal and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
